This research describes the thermopower and electric conductivity of CdTe films produced using thermal evaporation technology; the ENERGY ACTIVATION value of this electrical and thermoelectrically properties are estimated. CdTe sheets have an electrical resistance of about (107. cm). Conductivity was studied, and it was found that the electrical conductivity increased with temperature. At low temperatures, there are two values of ACTIVATION ENERGY $(Ea1=0.337 eV)$ because of this dependence, but at high temperatures, $(Ea2 = 0.702 eV)$ is the only value of ACTIVATION ENERGY. The Seebeck coefficient (thermopower) was researched to find that it was temperature-dependent, and it was found that, as the temperature increased, the Seebeck coefficient decreased. The experiment results on thermoelectric power were summarized in a two-paragraph statement. The ACTIVATION ENERGY was measured to be $(ES = 0.561 eV)$, and the CdTe film was shown to be p-type conductive.

Fulx-pinning mechanism and ACTIVATION ENERGY of MgB2 doped with 10 wt % malic- acid has been investigated by measurement of critical current density and resistivity as a function of magnetic fields and temperatures. The field dependence of the critical current density, Jc (B), was analyzed within the collective pinning model. A crossover field, Bsb, from the single vortex to the small vortex bundle-pinning regime was observed. For sintered sample, the temperature dependence of Bsb (T) at low temperature is in good agreement with the δℓ pinning mechanism, i.e., pinning associated with charge-carrier mean free path fluctuation. The ACTIVATION ENERGY was decreased linearly by increasing magnetic field.

Jujube (Zizyphus jujube Mill), a valuable medicinal plant, is consumed either as fresh fruit or dried product in Iran. Drying jujube guarantees a longer shelf time while preserving its quality to be used in medical and pharmaceutical industries. In this research paper, the influence of several drying conditions on the effective moisture diffusivity, ACTIVATION ENERGY, ENERGY consumption and required specific ENERGY in the drying of jujube is presented. Temperature levels of 50, 60 and 70oC and hot air velocities of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 (m s-1) were used as the treatments. Effective moisture diffusivity of jujube fruit during the drying process was in the range of 1.1532-5.1895×10-10 (m2 s-1) for the first period and 0.4036–2.3064×10-10 (m2 s-1) for the second period. Also, the values of ENERGY of ACTIVATION in both periods were determined to be between 34.97 and 74.20 (kJ mol-1). The ENERGY consumption and the required specific ENERGY for drying were in the range of 79.1- 92.46 (kW h) and 203.59 – 900.08 (kW h kg-1), respectively. Results show that ENERGY consumption diminished when temperature increased at each air velocity, while it increased with increasing hot air velocity.

The present study addresses the entropy generation in the ow of Walters-B nanomaterial. ENERGY equation consists of ohmic heating, radiation, and heat generation. Binary chemical reaction with the modi ed Arrhenius ENERGY was employed in this study. In addition, the consequences of thermophoresis, Brownian motion, and viscous dissipation were taken into account. Convergent solutions were presented using homotopy analysis. Intervals of convergence were explicitly identi ed. The results of physical quantities of interest were analyzed. There was a decrease in the mass transfer rate at a higher value of chemical reaction parameter. Enhanced values of Brinkman number and magnetic parameter caused a decrease in the total entropy rate.

This research focuses on the effect of passive methods in the field of ENERGY storage, produce ENERGY by using renewable energies, and also to achieve the construction patterns of residential buildings in the climate conditions of Shiraz, with the aim reducing ENERGY consumption. Statistics show that in Iran, fuel consumption in residential and commercial buildings with an average annual growth of 7. It is about 2.37% of the country's total fuel consumption. One way to minimize ENERGY consumption in this sector is to increase the role of zero-ENERGY buildings. Zero-ENERGY buildings provide technical ways to consume less ENERGY in buildings. These buildings are designed and built so that all or a large part of these provide the ENERGY they need through the combination of ENERGY saving and the use of renewable ENERGY technology. In this research, after studying the climate condition of the city of Shiraz, a building in the ENERGY Plus software, the simulation and climatic data of the Shiraz station was introduced to the software. To achieve the most optimal conditions of ENERGY consumption in the climatic conditions of Shiraz, each of the building elements Residential was optimized. The simulation shows that it is possible to reduce the ENERGY consumption of the building by using passive building materials and designs, including double-glazed glass, Wall insulation, etc. On the other hand, by using solar ENERGY, using pvsyst software, you can supply the ENERGY needed by the building.